Historical Hastings - Recent changes [en-gb]

The History and Antiquities of the Town and Port of Hastings

RoyPenfold — Tue, 20 Oct 2026 11:47:48 GMT

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RoyPenfold — Tue, 20 Oct 2026 11:45:40 GMT

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<noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="RoyPenfold" /></noinclude>a Brotherhood and Guestling be arreared this year, these are, therefore, to pray and brotherly require them to be at the time and place appointed, on the hour accustomed (which is eight of the clock in the morning) with the full number of persons duly returned and commissioned, according to their ancient customs and usages, time out of mind used and approved, & c ."

At the day of appearance , the Persons returned to sit and act in the said Courts, bring with them Commissions from their respective Towns, sealed with the common seal of their Corporation.
===THE COMMISSION.===
"To all christian people to whom these Presents shall come, and especially to the right' Worshipful our loving Brethren, Combarons, and Friends, the Mayors, Jurats, and Combarons, of the Cinque Ports and two ancient Towns, to be assembled at a general Brotherhood, to be holden at the Town and Port of New Romney, one of the said Cinque Ports, upon Tuesday the 26th day of July instant: We, the Mayors, Jurats, and Commonalty of the ancient Town of Rye, in the County of Sussex, send greeting. Know ye, that we have received your Letters of Summons for the said Brotherhood, sent from the Mayor and Jurats of the Town and Port of Hasting ; and at a common Assembly of us the said Mayor, Jurats, and Commonalty of Rye aforesaid, holden at Rye aforesaid, the 17th day of June last past, have elected; chosen , constituted, assigned, and appointed our well beloved A. B. Esq. Mayor of Rye aforesaid , C. D. Bailiff elect to Great Yarmouth, for the year to come, E. F. and G. H. Jurats, I.J. Com mon Clerk, K. L. Chamberlain, and M. N. Commoners and Freemen of the said Town, Persons who have each of them taken a corporal Oath for the maintenance of the Charters, Liberties, and Customs of the said Ports, ancient Towns, and their Members, to be and appear for us, and in our names, place, and stead, at the said Brotherhood, at the said Town and Port of New Romney, the day aforesaid, at the hour accustomed, as well to hear the Relation of the -<noinclude></noinclude>

Page:The history and antiquities of the town.pdf/63

RoyPenfold — Tue, 20 Oct 2026 11:42:43 GMT

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<noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="RoyPenfold" /></noinclude>summoning of these Courts is thus : the Town that is Speaker, sends a letter at the beginning of its Speakership, to the other Ports and ancient Towns, to know their opinion, whether a Brotherhood and Guestling be necessary to be assessed that year (upon the back of which every of them indorse their answer) in such or the like Form as followeth :

"Right Worshipful Sirs,

"Loving Brethren, Combarons, and Friends, our right hearty affections and salutations to you presented . Whereas by septennary revolution, the Speakership of the Ports isnow devolved upon us, we have thought meet to issue forth these our timely letters to you, whereby we pray and brotherly require your Advice and Subscriptions, whether, as our Affairsnow stand, a Brotherhood or Guestling, or either of them , is necessary to be arreared this year. We, for our parts, considering the state of our affairs, are of opinion and think fit, that both a Brotherhood and Guestling be summoned to meet at the Town and Port of New Romney in the County of Kent, on the Tuesday after the feast of St. Margaret next ensuing, at the hour accustomed : nevertheless, we sub mit to your grave wisdoms and determinations in these Premises. And so we commit you to God, and rest

From Hasting, under the seal of office of Mayoralty these the first day of June 1653.

Your loving Brethren , Combarons, and Friends, the Mayor and Jurats of the Town and Port of Hasting, Speaker."

"Upon this, if by four or more of these Seven Ports and Towns, one or both is thought fit to be holden , then 40 days before the day of meeting, the letters of summons go forth, directed, as the former, to the Mayor and Jurats only of the said Ports and ancient Towns, if for the Brotherhood ; and if for a Guestling also, then to the Mayors, Bailiffs, and Jurats of them and their Members, with the like. Title of Right Worshipful Sirs, &c.' to this effect.

"That forasmuch as by the greater part of the Brethren of the Cinque Ports andancient Towns it is concluded, that -<noinclude></noinclude>

File:Monument to James Burton, Gloucester Lodge.jpg

RoyPenfold — Sun, 18 Oct 2026 15:58:34 GMT

Gloucester Lodge

RoyPenfold — Sun, 18 Oct 2026 15:55:31 GMT

Monument to James Burton

File:Monument to James Burton, Gloucester Lodge.jpg

RoyPenfold — Sun, 18 Oct 2026 15:47:49 GMT

RoyPenfold uploaded File:Monument to James Burton, Gloucester Lodge.jpg

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Monument to James Burton in garden of [[Gloucester Lodge]].

{{Photographer|Stephen J. Davis}}

Gloucester Lodge

RoyPenfold — Sun, 18 Oct 2026 15:35:21 GMT

Caroline House

RoyPenfold — Fri, 16 Oct 2026 16:41:01 GMT

70 Hollington Old Lane

RoyPenfold — Fri, 16 Oct 2026 16:31:44 GMT

Redirected page to Caroline House

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#REDIRECT [[Caroline House]]

File:Front View 70 Hollington Old Lane.jpg

RoyPenfold — Fri, 16 Oct 2026 16:31:13 GMT

File:70 Hollington Old Lane Post-War plans.png

RoyPenfold — Fri, 16 Oct 2026 16:30:42 GMT

File:Kitchen 70 Hollington Old Lane.jpg

RoyPenfold — Fri, 16 Oct 2026 16:30:15 GMT

RoyPenfold uploaded File:Kitchen 70 Hollington Old Lane.jpg Uploaded a work by PCM Estate Agents from [https://www.rightmove.co.uk/properties/88153368 Rightmove] with UploadWizard

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=={{int:filedesc}}==
{{Information
|description={{en|1={{Visible|70 Hollington Old Lane}}}}
|date=2026-05-05
|source=[https://www.rightmove.co.uk/properties/88153368 Rightmove]
|author=[[PCM Estate Agents]]
|permission=
|other versions=
}}

=={{int:license-header}}==
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File:Room 70 Hollington Old Lane.jpg

RoyPenfold — Fri, 16 Oct 2026 16:30:15 GMT

RoyPenfold uploaded File:Room 70 Hollington Old Lane.jpg Uploaded a work by PCM Estate Agents from [https://www.rightmove.co.uk/properties/88153368 Rightmove] with UploadWizard

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File:Bedroom 70 Hollington Old Lane.jpg

RoyPenfold — Fri, 16 Oct 2026 16:30:15 GMT

RoyPenfold uploaded File:Bedroom 70 Hollington Old Lane.jpg Uploaded a work by PCM Estate Agents from [https://www.rightmove.co.uk/properties/88153368 Rightmove] with UploadWizard

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File:70 Hollington Old Lane Post-War plans.png

RoyPenfold — Fri, 16 Oct 2026 16:30:15 GMT

RoyPenfold uploaded File:70 Hollington Old Lane Post-War plans.png Uploaded a work by HBC from {{HBCPlanning|FA/51/00532}} with UploadWizard

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=={{int:filedesc}}==
{{Information
|description={{en|1={{Visible|70 Hollington Old Lane}}}}
|date=1955-05-05
|source={{HBCPlanning|FA/51/00532}}
|author=HBC
|permission=
|other versions=
}}

=={{int:license-header}}==
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File:Front View 70 Hollington Old Lane.jpg

RoyPenfold — Fri, 16 Oct 2026 16:30:14 GMT

RoyPenfold uploaded File:Front View 70 Hollington Old Lane.jpg Uploaded a work by PCM Estate Agents from [https://www.rightmove.co.uk/properties/88153368 Rightmove] with UploadWizard

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File:Attic Room 70 Hollington Old Lane.jpg

RoyPenfold — Fri, 16 Oct 2026 16:30:14 GMT

RoyPenfold uploaded File:Attic Room 70 Hollington Old Lane.jpg Uploaded a work by PCM Estate Agents from [https://www.rightmove.co.uk/properties/88153368 Rightmove] with UploadWizard

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Caroline House

RoyPenfold — Fri, 16 Oct 2026 16:21:02 GMT

Caroline House

RoyPenfold — Fri, 16 Oct 2026 16:13:28 GMT

Created page with "Located at 70 Hollington Old Lane, this property was damaged during the Second World War, leading to a planning application to convert the building into..."

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Located at 70 [[Hollington Old Lane]], this property was damaged during the [[:Category:WW2|Second World War]], leading to a planning application to convert the building into two flats<ref>{{HBCPlanning|HS/FA/51/00532}}</ref>. The building was subsequently operated as an engineering depot by R.J. Deeprose, an electrical motor workshop<ref>{{HBCPlanning|HS/EX/80/00859</ref> into and through the 1980s. The site then was placed on the open market in 2026, with planning permission granted in principle to construct up to four houses on the land<ref>{{HBCPlanning|HS/PIP/26/00240}}</ref> with an asking price in the region of £350,000<ref>[https://www.rightmove.co.uk/properties/88153368#/?channel=COM_BUY Rightmove]</ref>.
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[[Category:Named Buildings]]

File:Coombs 1995.png

RoyPenfold — Thu, 15 Oct 2026 20:31:20 GMT

File:Coombs 1995.png

RoyPenfold — Thu, 15 Oct 2026 20:30:54 GMT

RoyPenfold uploaded File:Coombs 1995.png Uploaded a work by Andy Clifton from Youtube [https://www.youtube.com/@andyclifton4122 Andy Clifton] with UploadWizard

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=={{int:filedesc}}==
{{Information
|description={{en|1={{Visible|Coombs}} {{VH|Western Road}}}}
|date=1995-05-05
|source=Youtube [https://www.youtube.com/@andyclifton4122 Andy Clifton]
|author=Andy Clifton
|permission=
|other versions=
}}

=={{int:license-header}}==
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File:Hollingsworth Braybrook Road 1999.png

RoyPenfold — Thu, 15 Oct 2026 20:30:54 GMT

RoyPenfold uploaded File:Hollingsworth Braybrook Road 1999.png Uploaded a work by Andy Clifton from Youtube [https://www.youtube.com/@andyclifton4122 Andy Clifton] with UploadWizard

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=={{int:filedesc}}==
{{Information
|description={{en|1={{Visible|Hollingsworth}} {{VH|Braybrook Road}}}}
|date=1999-05-05
|source=Youtube [https://www.youtube.com/@andyclifton4122 Andy Clifton]
|author=Andy Clifton
|permission=
|other versions=
}}

=={{int:license-header}}==
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F. Rossiter

RoyPenfold — Fri, 09 Oct 2026 22:25:38 GMT

St. Leonards Caves

RoyPenfold — Fri, 09 Oct 2026 15:37:22 GMT

Use by Smugglers

Slaughter House Cottage

RoyPenfold — Sun, 04 Oct 2026 18:04:53 GMT

Slaughter House Cottage

RoyPenfold — Sun, 04 Oct 2026 18:00:04 GMT

Created page with "A query on the Facebook Group Historical Hastings asked for the location of Slaughter House Cottage. Further posts on the subject revealed a series of 1901 Census Return pages..."

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A query on the Facebook Group Historical Hastings asked for the location of Slaughter House Cottage. Further posts on the subject revealed a series of 1901 Census Return pages listing the following properties in sequential order;
{|
|-
|Line 70||1 Hillside Cottages
|-
|Line 73||4 Hillside Cottages
|-
|Line 74||Slaughter House Cottage
|-
|Line 75||Tollgate House, London Road
|-
| ||Blacksmiths Forge
|-
|Line 76||Royal Sussex Arms<br/>High Bank<br/>London Road
|]

This would imply that near/within the block of buildings shown on the attached map snippet was Slaughter House Cottage - possibly the building with a large enclosure to the north of the P.H. and Smithy legend on the below map snippet<ref>[https://maps.nls.uk/view/103673185 National Library of Scotland]</ref>:-
[[File:Screenshot 2026-10-04 at 18-37-36 View map Ordnance Survey Sussex LVIII.15 (Hastings) - Ordnance Survey 25 inch England and Wales 1841-1952.png|thumb|1895 map centred on Royal Sussex Arms]]
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[[Category:Farming]]

File:Screenshot 2026-10-04 at 18-37-36 View map Ordnance Survey Sussex LVIII.15 (Hastings) - Ordnance Survey 25 inch England and Wales 1841-1952.png

RoyPenfold — Sun, 04 Oct 2026 17:59:07 GMT

RoyPenfold uploaded File:Screenshot 2026-10-04 at 18-37-36 View map Ordnance Survey Sussex LVIII.15 (Hastings) - Ordnance Survey 25 inch England and Wales 1841-1952.png

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The Duke

RoyPenfold — Sun, 04 Oct 2026 14:23:36 GMT

Redirected page to The Duke of Wellington

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#REDIRECT [[The Duke of Wellington]]

The Duke of Wellington

RoyPenfold — Sun, 04 Oct 2026 14:23:09 GMT

Category:Underground Features

RoyPenfold — Sat, 03 Oct 2026 19:18:21 GMT

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 Copies of the book in other formats may be found here: {{MossBook}}.
 {{BookCSS}}
-<pages index="The history and antiquities of the town.pdf" from=6 to=60/>
+<pages index="The history and antiquities of the town.pdf" from=6 to=64/>
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← Older revision		Revision as of 15:58, 18 October 2026
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	Monument to James Burton in garden of [[Gloucester Lodge]].	+	Monument to James Burton in garden of [[Gloucester Lodge]] adjacent to the fence separating it from the public gardens, consisting of a pink granite rounded-top obelisk with a likeness of James Burton in the form of a bronze plaque. It is inscribed 'James Burton Founder of St Leonards 1828 Born 1761 Died 1837'. The granite obelisk features a water-fitting under the inscription, which originally ran into a bowl and later had a tap attached (now non-functioning). This monument is {{Listed\|II\|1286757}}

	{{Photographer\|Stephen J. Davis}}		{{Photographer\|Stephen J. Davis}}

@@ Line 18: / Line 18: @@
 [[Notables::Princess Sophia Matilda]] stayed here during 1831<ref>{{MMH|93}}</ref><ref>Views of St. Leonards on Sea (C. H. Southall 1842)</ref>
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@@ Line 12: / Line 12: @@
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 [[Notables::Princess Sophia Matilda]] stayed here during 1831<ref>{{MMH|93}}</ref><ref>Views of St. Leonards on Sea (C. H. Southall 1842)</ref>
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-Located at 70 [[Hollington Old Lane]], this Victorian property was damaged during the [[:Category:WW2|Second World War]], leading to a planning application to convert the building into two flats<ref>{{HBCPlanning|HS/FA/51/00532}}</ref>. The building was subsequently operated as an engineering depot by R.J. Deeprose Ltd., an electrical motor workshop<ref>{{HBCPlanning|HS/EX/80/00859}}</ref> into and through the 1980s; this company being dissolved in August 2025<ref>[https://find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk/company/04146762 Companies House]</ref>. The site then was placed on the open market in 2026, with planning permission granted in principle to construct up to four houses on the land<ref>{{HBCPlanning|HS/PIP/26/00240}}</ref> with an asking price in the region of £350,000<ref>[https://www.rightmove.co.uk/properties/88153368#/ Rightmove]</ref>.
+Located at 70 [[Hollington Old Lane]], this Victorian property was damaged during the [[:Category:WW2|Second World War]], leading to a planning application to convert the building into two flats<ref>{{HBCPlanning|HS/FA/51/00532}}</ref>. The building was subsequently operated as an engineering depot by R.J. Deeprose Ltd., an electrical motor workshop<ref>{{HBCPlanning|HS/EX/80/00859}}</ref> from the 1970s into and through the 1980s; this company being dissolved in August 2025<ref>[https://find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk/company/04146762 Companies House]</ref>. The site then was placed on the open market in 2026, with planning permission granted in principle to construct up to four houses on the land<ref>{{HBCPlanning|HS/PIP/26/00240}}</ref> with an asking price in the region of £350,000<ref>[https://www.rightmove.co.uk/properties/88153368#/ Rightmove]</ref>.
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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 =={{int:filedesc}}==
 {{Information
-|description={{en|1={{Visible|70 Hollington Old Lane}}}}
+|description={{en|1={{Visible|Caroline House}}}}
 |date=2026-05-05
 |source=[https://www.rightmove.co.uk/properties/88153368 Rightmove]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 =={{int:filedesc}}==
 {{Information
-|description={{en|1={{Visible|Coombs}} {{VH|Western Road}}}}
+|description={{en|1={{Visible|Coombs Motors}} {{VH|Western Road}}}}
 |date=1995-05-05
 |source=Youtube [https://www.youtube.com/@andyclifton4122 Andy Clifton]

@@ Line 39: / Line 39: @@
 Mr. Rossiter also served as a Church Warden for [[St. Clements Church]] in the late 19th century<ref>{{BNA|0000293/18820204/015/0003}}</ref>.
-It would appear that a relative took over the practice in the 1910s because there is a J. Rossiter listed at the business address after that time in local newspapers.
+It would appear that a relative took over the business in the 1910s because there is a J. Rossiter listed at the business address after that time in local newspapers.
 By 1905, he had moved both his business to 9 [[Grand Parade]]<ref>1905 Kelly's directory</ref>, being listed as a widower by 1911 living alone at 33 [[Silchester Road]]<ref>1911 Census return</ref>.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 J. Smith was the proprietor of St Leonards Caves. These caves were in [[Caves Road]] close to the rear of the [[Sussex Hotel]]. No trace of the cave entrance survives to the present day due to rock-falls in the unstable cliff.
 == Excavation ==
-The cave was tunnelled by [[William Smith (1799-1855)|Mr. William Smith]] in the operation of sand getting for building purposes. It contained several neatly trimmed and furnished apartments including kitchen, parlour, bed rooms etc, occupied by Mr. Smiths family. The cave, together with baby's cot cut into the rock, used to be shown to visitors for a small fee.  Mr. Smith died in 1855 at 56 years of age - his widow moving to [[Undercliff]]e.  The cave was once the secret depository of smuggled goods and in about 1835 there was a privateer still at work in them. [[Thomas Brandon Brett (1816-1906)|Brett]] describes them as not being as large as the [[St. Clements Caves]]<ref name="chap31">Brett Manuscript Histories [[Brett Volume 3: Chapter XXXI - St. Leonards 1844#273a|Vol. 3 Chap 31 Pg. 273a]]</ref>.
+The cave was tunnelled by [[William Smith (1799-1855)|Mr. William Smith]] by means of sand quarrying for building purposes. It contained several neatly trimmed and furnished apartments including kitchen, parlour, bed rooms etc, occupied by Mr. Smiths family. The cave, together with a baby's cot cut into the rock, used to be shown to visitors for a small fee.  Mr. Smith died in 1855 at 56 years of age - his widow moving to [[Undercliff]]e.  The cave was once the secret depository of smuggled goods and in about 1835 there was a privateer still at work in them. [[Thomas Brandon Brett (1816-1906)|Brett]] describes them as not being as large as the [[St. Clements Caves]]<ref name="chap31">Brett Manuscript Histories [[Brett Volume 3: Chapter XXXI - St. Leonards 1844#273a|Vol. 3 Chap 31 Pg. 273a]]</ref>.
 ==Use by Smugglers==
-Brett relates that during 1835, the caves were used to store (and perhaps distill) contraband brandy and that on one occasion, Smith was alerted to a raid by the preventive men. The equipment and goods that had been concealed in the cave were quickly removed to a loft in one of the nearby mews (either Victoria or Harold) from where it was stolen and subsequently taken to Catsfield/Ninfield where the distillation was completed and the illicit goods sold in the neighbouring towns and villages<ref name="chap31"/>.
+Brett relates that during 1835, the caves were used to store (and perhaps distill) contraband brandy and that on one occasion, Smith was alerted to a raid on the caves planned by the preventive men. The equipment and goods that had been concealed in the cave were quickly removed to a loft in one of the nearby mews (either Victoria or Harold) from where it was stolen and subsequently taken to Catsfield/Ninfield where the distillation was completed and the illicit goods sold in the neighbouring towns and villages<ref name="chap31"/>.
 ==Description from Ross' Guide==
@@ Line 13: / Line 13: @@
 ==Rock Falls and disappearance==
-On the 9th of February 1851, there was a rock-fall which demolished Mr. Smith's stable and kitchen, effectively sealing off the caves, Smith having previously removed his horse from the stable, however it killed 27 of Smith's chickens<ref>[[Brett Manuscript Histories]] [[Brett_Volume_4:_Chapter_XLV_-_St._Leonards_1851#Accidents_and_Incidents|Vol. 4 Chap. 45]]</ref> although they were apparently re-opened for the public on the 24th of May 1863<ref>Brett Manuscript Histories [[Brett Volume 10: Chapter LXIX - St. Leonards 1863|Vol. 10 Chap. 69]]</ref>
+On the 9th of February 1851, there was a rock-fall which demolished Mr. Smith's stable and kitchen, effectively sealing off the caves, Smith having previously removed his horse from the stable, however it killed 27 of Smith's chickens<ref>[[Brett Manuscript Histories]] [[Brett_Volume_4:_Chapter_XLV_-_St._Leonards_1851#Accidents_and_Incidents|Vol. 4 Chap. 45]]</ref> although the caves were reportedly re-opened for the public on the 24th of May 1863<ref>Brett Manuscript Histories [[Brett Volume 10: Chapter LXIX - St. Leonards 1863|Vol. 10 Chap. 69]]</ref>
 {{RN}}[[AddressDetail::;Caves Road;;1863| ]]
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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-A query on the Facebook Group Historical Hastings asked for the location of Slaughter House Cottage. Further posts on the subject revealed a series of 1901 Census Return pages listing the following properties in sequential order;
+A query on the Facebook Group Historical Hastings<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/groups/2024838524499800/?multi_permalinks=4502312423419052 Facebook]</ref> asked for the location of Slaughter House Cottage. Further posts on the subject revealed a series of 1901 Census Return pages listing the following properties in sequential order;
 {|
 |-
@@ Line 13: / Line 14: @@
 |-
 |Line 76||Royal Sussex Arms<br/>High Bank<br/>London Road
-|]
+|}
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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-The [[Duke of Wellington]] was opened circa 1862 as the [[Duke Road]] area was developing as number 1 Duke Road. The residents of the surrounding streets were either poorer working class or unemployed and the pub, along with the neighbourhood, was viewed as an undesirable place to visit. By the end of the 19th century, the pub was attached to the Black Lion Brewery from Brighton and was briefly known as the 'The [[Wellington]] Inn'. The pub was known as 'The Duke' in the 1950s.<ref name="[[Category:Silverhill|Silverhill]] Book">Buckle, Alan & [[Hastings Local History Group]] (2013). ''[[Category:Silverhill|Silverhill]]: From waterfall to windmill'', p. 81.</ref>. There was also another public-house - the [[Dorset Arms]] very close at number 17 Duke Road.
+The [[Duke of Wellington]] was opened circa 1862 as the [[Duke Road]] area was developing as number 1 Duke Road. The residents of the surrounding streets were either poorer working class or unemployed and the pub, along with the neighbourhood, was viewed as an undesirable place to visit. By the end of the 19th century, the pub was attached to the Black Lion Brewery from Brighton and was briefly known as the 'The [[Wellington]] Inn'. The pub was known as 'The Duke' in the 1950s.<ref name="[[Category:Silverhill|Silverhill]] Book">Buckle, Alan & [[Hastings Local History Group]] (2013). ''[[Category:Silverhill|Silverhill]]: From waterfall to windmill'', p. 81.</ref>. There was also another public-house - the [[Dorset Arms]] very close at number 17 Duke Road. The Duke closed around 2020, with planning being submitted to convert the premises into residential use in September 2026<ref>{{HBCPlanning|HS/FA/26/00551}}</ref>.
 ==Known Licencees==
 {|width=30%

@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 Also in the same area is the tunnel that connected the [[Royal Victoria Hotel]] to the [[Assembly Rooms|Masonic Lodge]] behind. Incidentally in 1965, there was a planning permission approved to demolish the hotel and replace with flats.
-A bit further West towards Bexhill is a cave described as a '[[St Leonards Caves|long straight tunnel-like main gallery with side galleries]]' in [[Thomas Ross (1810-1881)|Ross]]'s 1835 guide to the town<ref>{{RossBk|43-44}}</ref>. This cave was occupied by a family at one point and is believed to have a reservoir or subterranean water source at the end. The consensus generally is that this cave is now an electricity substation with no access.
+A bit further West towards Bexhill is a cave described as a '[[St Leonards Caves|long straight tunnel-like main gallery with side galleries]]' in [[Thomas Ross (1810-1881)|Ross]]'s 1835 guide to the town<ref>{{RossBk|43-44}}</ref>. This cave was occupied by a family at one point and is believed to have had a reservoir or subterranean water source at the end. The cave was lost to landslides which to this day are regular features of this cliff-face.
 Still in the [[West St Leonards]]/[[Marina]] area, we have reports of pavement work exposing arches of small underground extensions to the shops and houses above extending to the full width of the pavement. To the East, underneath [[Warrior Square]] a tunnel was discovered by a council workman, this possibly being the culverted stream that used to run down into this valley from [[Bohemia]].
@@ Line 27: / Line 28: @@
 At the head of the valley, we come to the junction of [[Old London Road]] and [[Priory Road]]. Crossing into [[Frederick Road]], we descend into yet another valley. On the opposite slope is the site of what used to be the [[Union Workhouse|Workhouse]], now converted into housing but prior to this became an extension to St Helens Hospital. There is an underground tunnel connecting the two halves of [[St Helens Hospital]] under Frederick Road, an additional feature to look out for here is one of the original gate-posts to the hospital which still bears bullet holes from when the area was strafed by an enemy fighter plane during WW2.
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 [[Category:Townscape]]